💡Introduction

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that focuses on the use of objects to design and build software systems. In OOP, objects are instances of classes, which are templates or blueprints for creating objects. Classes encapsulate data and behavior, and provide a way to organize and modularize code.

OOP has several key features, including:

1. Encapsulation: The idea of grouping related data and behavior into a single unit (class) is called encapsulation. It allows for information hiding and helps to protect the data from outside interference.

2. Abstraction: The process of separating the essential features of an entity from the irrelevant details is called abstraction. In OOP, abstraction is achieved by creating abstract classes and interfaces.

3. Inheritance: Inheritance is the ability of a class to inherit properties and methods from another class. It promotes code reusability and helps to create a hierarchy of classes.

4. Polymorphism: The ability of objects of different classes to be used interchangeably is called polymorphism. It allows for the creation of generic code that can operate on different types of objects.

OOP is widely used in modern software development, as it provides a way to create flexible, modular, and reusable code. Some popular programming languages that support OOP include Java, C++, Python, and Ruby.